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黑马程序员精品教程 | Java 进阶教程之 Gradle 入门到精通

下载

https://gradle.org/releases/

下载 binary-only

安装

参考https://gradle.org/install/#manually

Mac

  1. 解压

  2. 配置环境变量

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    vi ~/.bash_profile

    #添加
    export GRADLE_HOME=/Users/mac126/study/devsoft/gradle-6.5.1
    export GRADLE_USER_HOME=$GRADLE_HOME

    export PATH=$PATH:$GRADLE_HOME/bin

    #配置生效
    source ~/.bash_profile

  3. 验证

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    gradle -v

  4. 升级

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    gradle wrapper --gradle-version=6.5.1 --distribution-type=bin
    gradle tasks

Windows

  1. 解压

  2. 配置环境变量

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    在 Path 中添加 C:\Gradle\gradle-6.5.1\bin

  3. 验证

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    gradle -v

  4. 升级

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    gradle.bat wrapper --gradle-version=6.5.1 --distribution-type=bin
    gradle.bat tasks

IDEA 配置

  • 欢迎界面： Configure-Preferences
  • 已打开工程界面：File-Other Settings-Preferences for New Projects...
image-20200701092612060 image-20200703093216825

上面配置后，下面 Gradle user home 会自动更新

配置阿里云镜像

下载依赖资源包比较慢，通过配置阿里云仓库来加速资源下载

单个项目

修改根目录下build.gradle

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buildscript {
    repositories {
        maven { url 'https://maven.aliyun.com/repository/public/' }
        maven { url 'https://maven.aliyun.com/repository/jcenter' }
        maven { url 'https://maven.aliyun.com/repository/google' }
        maven { url 'https://maven.aliyun.com/repository/apache-snapshots' }
        maven { url 'https://maven.aliyun.com/repository/gradle-plugin' }
        maven { url 'https://maven.aliyun.com/repository/spring' }
        maven { url 'https://maven.aliyun.com/repository/spring-plugin' }
        maven { url 'https://maven.aliyun.com/repository/releases' }
    }
    dependencies {
        classpath 'com.android.tools.build:gradle:3.2.1'
    }
}
 
allprojects {
    repositories {
        maven { url 'https://maven.aliyun.com/repository/public/' }
        maven { url 'https://maven.aliyun.com/repository/jcenter' }
        maven { url 'https://maven.aliyun.com/repository/google' }
        maven { url 'https://maven.aliyun.com/repository/apache-snapshots' }
        maven { url 'https://maven.aliyun.com/repository/gradle-plugin' }
        maven { url 'https://maven.aliyun.com/repository/spring' }
        maven { url 'https://maven.aliyun.com/repository/spring-plugin' }
        maven { url 'https://maven.aliyun.com/repository/releases' }
    }
}

所有项目

在 ${USER_HOME}/.gradle/ 下创建 init.gradle 文件

Windows

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C:\Users\Administrator\.gradle\init.gradle

MacOS

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/Users/wangwz/.gradle/init.gradle

请求到 central 和 jcenter 仓库替换为阿里云 public 仓库

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allprojects{
    repositories {
        def ALIYUN_REPOSITORY_URL = 'http://maven.aliyun.com/nexus/content/groups/public'
        def ALIYUN_JCENTER_URL = 'http://maven.aliyun.com/nexus/content/repositories/jcenter'
        all { ArtifactRepository repo ->
            if(repo instanceof MavenArtifactRepository){
                def url = repo.url.toString()
                if (url.startsWith('https://repo1.maven.org/maven2') || url.startsWith('http://repo1.maven.org/maven2')) {
                    project.logger.lifecycle "Repository ${repo.url} replaced by $ALIYUN_REPOSITORY_URL."
                    remove repo
                }
                if (url.startsWith('https://jcenter.bintray.com/') || url.startsWith('http://jcenter.bintray.com/')) {
                    project.logger.lifecycle "Repository ${repo.url} replaced by $ALIYUN_JCENTER_URL."
                    remove repo
                }
            }
        }
        maven {
          	allowInsecureProtocol = false
            url ALIYUN_REPOSITORY_URL
            url ALIYUN_JCENTER_URL
        }
    }
 
 
    buildscript{
        repositories {
            def ALIYUN_REPOSITORY_URL = 'http://maven.aliyun.com/nexus/content/groups/public'
            def ALIYUN_JCENTER_URL = 'http://maven.aliyun.com/nexus/content/repositories/jcenter'
            all { ArtifactRepository repo ->
                if(repo instanceof MavenArtifactRepository){
                    def url = repo.url.toString()
                    if (url.startsWith('https://repo1.maven.org/maven2') || url.startsWith('http://repo1.maven.org/maven2')) {
                        project.logger.lifecycle "Repository ${repo.url} replaced by $ALIYUN_REPOSITORY_URL."
                        remove repo
                    }
                    if (url.startsWith('https://jcenter.bintray.com/') || url.startsWith('http://jcenter.bintray.com/')) {
                        project.logger.lifecycle "Repository ${repo.url} replaced by $ALIYUN_JCENTER_URL."
                        remove repo
                    }
                }
            }
            maven {
              	allowInsecureProtocol = false
                url ALIYUN_REPOSITORY_URL
                url ALIYUN_JCENTER_URL
            }
        }
    }
}

安装依赖

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gradle dependencies 或 ./gradlew dependencies 

gradle –refresh-dependencies

清空 gradle build 缓存

  • Windows

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    gradlew build --refresh-dependencies

  • Mac

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    ./gradlew build --refresh-dependencies

gradle 下载的依赖包位置

Mac

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/Users/(用户名)/.gradle/caches/modules-2/files-2.1
或
~/.gradle/caches/modules-2/files-2.1
打开 Finder，Shift+command+G 这 3 个组合键后，输入以上路径

Windows

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C:\Users\(用户名)\.gradle\caches\modules-2\files-2.1
或者在 android studio 中切换到 project 下，右键 -> Library Properties....

修改 Gradle 缓存文件夹路径（Gradle 下载的文件 /jar 包）

增加一个环境变量 GRADLE_USER_HOME，指定为想要存放的地方

img